Landline Military Meaning - Landline phones are phones used for military communications. They can be powered from their own batteries, from a cable switch (via a battery ctral, also known as a CB) or from an external power source. Some don't need a battery or a ringer.
Telephones replaced flag signs and the telephone as the preferred means of communication. The first landline telephones contained a battery to carry the voice, a hand-held transmitter to signal another landline or hand-held telephone switcher, and an electronic signal that sounded when received from a remote receiver. This technology was used from 1910 to 1980. Later the call signal was controlled by a push button or similar to home telephones. Manual systems are still widely used and are often preferred over older devices.
Landline Military Meaning
Soon there was an attempt to use the telephone to adapt the technology to military purposes. In the late 1870s and early 1880s, telephones were used to support military campaigns in British India and the British colonies in Africa. In the United States, telegraphs connected forts and army headquarters. It was also used for fire control at Coast Guard facilities. The first telephone was built for field use in the United States in 1889, but was too large for mass production. Further developments in many countries improved the telecommunications experience. The wire material was changed from steel to copper, the equipment for laying the wire in the field was developed, and the systems were developed with both battery packs for command posts and devices for use in the field. The first telegraphs were built by Europeans during the Second Boer War.
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These were mostly used in the Russo-Japanese war, where all infantry organizations and artillery divisions of both sides were provided with telephone sets.
Telephone calls are made over telephone lines, sometimes in open public places, but often using a wire tapped in wartime conditions.
At least until World War II, telephone communication was the preferred method for the US military, requiring only the use of the radio, for example. talk to mobile units until called. Field calls can be made point-to-point or through a switch at a command post.
Different types of phones are used, from the simple "assault phone", e.g. W-130 -8.5 kilometers per kilometer (30 pounds per mile) - with a distance of 8.0 kilometers (5 miles), with a heavy cable and multiple pairs. Wire-pulling equipment ranges from backpack-mounted rails to trucks equipped with plows for burying lines.
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According to the files of the National Army Crimes Task Force, during interrogations in Vietnam, a telephone receiver was sometimes used to torture POWs with electric shocks. A century ago, a three-minute phone call from New York to San Francisco cost $500. Today, you can make another call to a landline for pennies (or free).
When I lecture my business students at Boston University on this topic, I use one of the most revolutionary things in the world to illustrate my point: the telephone.
Before the invention of the telephone, it was not possible to communicate over any distance by voice. The landline in 1876 and the telephone a few decades earlier revolutionized communications, leading to the powerful computers we carry in our pockets and purses today. And in the process, living standards have exploded, with inflation-adjusted GDP rising from $1,200 per person in 1870 to more than $10,000 today.
Below are some facts that I would like to share with my students as well as others that you may not know about how the telephone has changed our lives.
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One of the reasons I use the telephone in my talk is that the inventor Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone and his first telephone while he was a professor at Boston University, where I teach economics.
Alexander Graham Bell opened the first long-distance line from New York to Chicago in 1892. The Gilbert H. Collection. Grosvenor/Library of Congress
The first telegraph appeared on March 10, 1876, a few days after the Scottish-born inventor received his patent. After accidentally releasing battery acid, Bell calls out to his assistant with the famous "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you!"
But this is not the end of the story. The debate over who invented the first telephone continues. Although Belle won a number of court battles for the first patent, some authors still credit Elisha Gray or Antonio Meucci, who both did similar work.
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In fact, in 2002, the US Congress recognized Meucci's work in the manufacture of telephones, although he was not awarded the award alone.
In 1914, at the beginning of the First World War, in the United States there were 10 people from each telephone service. At the end of the Second World War in 1945, and employees for all working telephones.
Technology passed a milestone in 1998 when every man, woman and child in the US owned a phone.
In 2017, there were 455 million phone numbers for the 325 million residents of the United States, or 1.4 per person. About three-quarters of these numbers were to mobile phones, more than 10 percent to traditional home phones, and the rest to Internet calls.
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It may seem strange today, but by the early 1980s, many consumers were leasing their phones from AT&T.
Until then, the company controlled most of America's telephone system. And in many states, AT&T only leases phones to customers. In the early 1980s, the rental cost ranged from $1.50 to $5 per month, depending on the type of phone.
That changed in 1983, when the US government deregulated AT&T. Customers from all parts of the country will have the opportunity to buy their own phones. At the time, a black flip phone cost $19.95, or more than $50 in today's dollars.
A complete Trimline push-button telephone, instead of a convertible that sells for $55, is just under $150 today.
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One of the reasons why phones are so important for communication is that the cost of the phone continues.
A century ago, beach phones were expensive. In 1915, a three-minute call from New York to San Francisco cost $20.70 plus inflation, meaning an emergency call would cost more than $500 in today's money.
Half a century later, prices have come down considerably, although they are still high. In 1968, that three-minute call cost $1.70, or $12 today. So when I met the woman who became my wife, we first talked at night, when there were fewer phone calls, to save some money.
Today, almost no one thinks about the cost of an international call, or tries to keep the conversation to save money. The price of telephones fell after the collapse of the US telecommunications monopoly in the 1980s. The development of technologies such as "voice over IP", popularized by Skype, drove down wages.
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The costs are so low that the Communications Commission stopped tracking the cost of long-distance calls in 2006. After decades of record long-distance phone costs, in 2006 it averaged 6 cents per minute. Since most people today don't pay for a few minutes to talk on the phone, they can be pretty much free.
But cheap phones have a dark side.. Robocalls are now blowing up Americans. The drop in price allows scammers to call millions of phone numbers to make their story believable.
It gets even better when you look at the types of phones that households still use. A lot has changed in our lives in the last few years from mobile phones to mobile phones and sudden connectivity.
In 2018, a government survey found that about 55 percent of households use only a cell phone, up from less than 10 percent of households in 2005. Another 36 percent have a mobile phone and a work phone. More than 5 percent of respondents said they rely entirely on a home phone, compared to more than a third of households in 2005. The remaining 3 percent said they had no phone.
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Since the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted the study, less is known about this 5 percent. As you can imagine, they are elderly and they have their own homes. In contrast, households with only mobile phones tend to have younger retirees. They are also poor and live in the East.
As for health, the CDC reports that adults in wireless homes are healthier and more physically active than those with only landlines. Additionally, a current smoker may have had more "heavy drinking days" in the past year.
Phones have changed our lives. The next time you pick up your phone, take a minute to think about what your life and world are all about.
